Fireplace



2 Sheets-Sheet I.

J. E. LAWON.

Fireplace Patented Juiy 2, 1861.

. 2 Sheets Sheet 2.. J. E. LAYTQN.

, Fireplace; No. 32,700. Patented July 2, I861.

2 0622502" WW2? v66 8 3 v UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

JOHN E. LAYJON, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

FIREPLACE.

Specification of Letters Patent No. 32,700, dated July 2,1861.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, J OHN E. LAYTON, of Pittsburg, 1n the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a new and useful Improvement in F ireplaces; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof,

- with the chimney, showing the shape of the throat.

In the several figures, like letters of reference, denote similar parts.

Open fire places, as ordinarily constructed, especially when used for burning bituminous coal and other fuel yielding a large amount of fuliginous vapors, are liable to three defects, all of which are in a great measure overcome by my improvement. The first is that a very large proportion of heated air passes up the chimney, which ought to pass into the apartment, so that open fire places often serve rather to draw the warm air out of a room and cause an influx of cold air than to heat the air in the apartment. The second is that a large amount of fuliginous vapor passes up the chimney unconsumed, which, if ignited, would give a very bright flame, and emit a great deal of heat, which is thus entirely lost; and the third is that the chimney is apt to smoke. Several improvements have been tried, which remedy one or other of these defects in a greater or less degree, but my improvement is designed to combine the obviation of all these difficulties, and con sists in a peculiar construction of the back Wall of the fire place and throat of the fiue, and also in combination therewith, projecting the fire basket, beyond the throat of the chimney, so that a perpendicular line let fall from the front edge of the throat of the flue, shall touch a point back of the rear wall of the fire chamber.

This improvement is applicable equally to all descriptions of open fire places,

whether open stoves, or grates set in the walls of the chimney.

In the drawing a (4 represent the side walls, and b the rear wall of the space in the chimney, in which the grate is to be set, (or may represent the side and back plates of a Franklin stove).

c, is the back wall of the fire basket, (Z (Z, are the sides of the fire basket, and c e are the grate bars.

f is the front wall of the fire place or stove, and it will be seen by reference to the dotted line in Fig. 2 that the back wall of the fire chamber, is on a line with the front wall of the chimney, and by the dotted line .2 in the same figure, that it is considerably in front of the front edge of the throat of the chimney. The horizontal distance between the dotted lines 50 and .2 shows the distance from the inner edge of the front wallto the edge of the throat of the fine which should not be less in proportion, than is shown in the drawings, and may be increased if desired, it being an important feature of my improvement, to place the throat of the chimney near the middle-of the flue, and not either close to the front or back wall of the chimney.

From the top of the back plate of the fire basket, the back wall 9 slopes rapidly backward, at an angle of about 45 degrees, until it touches the rear edge of the throat of the flue, as seen in Fig. 2. From that point, the throat of the fine is of the shape shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the back part rising a short distance perpendicularly at h Fig. 2, and

thence sloping back to the back wall of the chimney, see i Fig. 2, and the front wall is of the throat, also slopes backward. This peculiar construction of throat may be conveniently attained, by the use of an iron casting or throat piece, of the shape shown in Fig. 3, which maybe set in the fire place or stove, while the inclined back wall 9 may be an iron plate or tile of fire brick, so that my improved fire places, may be very rapidly and easily set. If desired, the throat piece Fig. 3, may be furnished at top with a damper or hinged cover, to close when no fire is used, and prevent the fall of soot.

The operation of my improved fire place depends greatly on the situation of the throat of the chimney near the middle of in open fire places, what I claim as my i11- vention and desire to secure by Letters Patent, i's

The arrangement in the construction of open fire places of a fire basket placed in front of the throat of the flue, a backwall sloping backward from the top of the fire basket to the back of the throat, and the throat also sloping backward as described.

In testimony whereof, I, the said J oHN E. LAYTON, have hereunto set my hand.

JOHN E. LAYTON.

the opening, Which leaves a flat space at m Fig. 2, over which the cold air must pass, when sucked in by the draft of the chimney, or this cold air, thus becomes heated, before 5 it passes into the flue, and thus does not de stroy or impair the draft, as is the case where the opening of the throat is close to the front wall. The back wall sloping backward, has also the eflect to reflect the heat of the fire more directly into the room, and the position of the fire basket in the apartment, and entirely outside of the throat of the fine, of course heats the room more ef't'ectul ally, While the draft is such, that no smoke I 15 or gas, is permitted to escape into the room. i

Having thus described my improvement Vitnesses MARTIN Gr. GUSHING, A. S. NICHOLSON. 

